# Tsatsa > Ƙarfen da ya yi oxidation. - Fanni: Sinadarai - Mataki: Mai sauƙi - Ayoyin Al-Qur'ani: Al-Qur’ani 18:96 - URL: https://dailymuslim.org/quran-miracles/rust-iron-coating?lang=ha Shekaru 1400 da suka wuce ba a san yadda ake hana tsatsa ba; duk da haka an kwatanta shi a Al-Qur’ani. Idan ƙarfe ya haɗu da iska mai oxygen da ruwa, a ƙarshe zai yi tsatsa ya lalace. ### Rust > Tsatsa iron oxide ce, yawanci ja, wadda ke samuwa ta redox tsakanin ƙarfe da oxygen a gaban ruwa ko danshin iska. Akwai nau’o’i daban-daban a yanayi daban. Ta ƙunshi hydrated iron(III) oxides da iron oxide-hydroxide. > Kariya Fenti, lacquer, varnish ko tef ɗin kakin zuma na iya ware ƙarfe daga muhalli su rage tsatsa. — [Wikipedia, Rust, 2019](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rust) Don hana tsatsa sai a toshe oxygen ko ruwa. Hanya ɗaya ita ce rufe ƙarfe. An san wannan kwanan nan, amma labarin Zul-Qarnain a Al-Qur’ani ya ce ya zuba kwalta a kan ƙarfe shekaru 1400 da suka wuce. ## Ayoyin Al-Qur'ani · Al-Qur’ani 18:96 ٩٦ آتُونِي زُبَرَ الْحَدِيدِ ۖ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا سَاوَىٰ بَيْنَ الصَّدَفَيْنِ قَالَ انفُخُوا ۖ حَتَّىٰ إِذَا جَعَلَهُ نَارًا قَالَ آتُونِي أُفْرِغْ عَلَيْهِ قِطْرًا *‘Ku kawo mini tubalan ƙarfe.’ Da ya cike tsakanin tsaunukan biyu sai ya ce, ‘Ku hura.’ Da ya mayar da shi kamar wuta sai ya ce, ‘Ku kawo mini kwalta in zuba a kansa.’* Ya rufe ƙarfen da kwalta. Yau mun san kwalta tana hana oxygen da ruwa kaiwa ƙarfe, ta hana tsatsa. ### Ƙarin manazarta > Asalin rubutu: Miracles of Quran, bisa izinin kwafa da rabawa na shafin. An kiyaye Turancin asali; bayanan kimiyya, ƙarafa da tafsiri a ƙasa ƙari ne dabam. — [Miracles of Quran — source permission](https://www.miracles-of-quran.com/) ### Wikipedia — lasisin sake amfani > An bar ambaton Wikipedia ga rubutun tsatsa. Ana iya sake amfani da shi ƙarƙashin CC BY-SA 4.0 tare da bin sharuɗɗa. — [Wikipedia — lasisin sake amfani](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/) ### Tsarin kimiyya — martani, kariya, iyakar nassi ### 1. Hanya — yadda tsatsa ke samuwa > Canadian Conservation Institute ya bayyana cewa tsatsa martanin electrochemical ne. A saman ƙarfe mai ruwa, ƙarfe yana rasa electrons; ruwa da oxygen suna amfani da su su samar da hydroxide da sauran kayayyakin lalata. Wannan yana goyon bayan asalin sinadarin labarin. — [1. Hanya — yadda tsatsa ke samuwa](https://www.canada.ca/en/conservation-institute/services/preventive-conservation/guidelines-collections/metal-objects.html) ### 2. Kariya — abin da rufi zai iya yi > AMPP ta ce rufin kariya na iya zama shinge ga ruwa da muhalli. Amma ingancinsa ya dogara da kayan rufi, shirya saman, amfani, bushewa, dubawa da gyara. Rufi ba tabbaci ne kai tsaye ba. — [2. Kariya — abin da rufi zai iya yi](https://ampp.org/technical-research/what-is-corrosion/how-to-protect-metals-from-corroding) ### 3. Mujallar kimiyyar Musulmi — sabon tsarin Fe–Cu > Muƙalar 2025 da aka duba a Journal of Interdisciplinary Qur’anic Studies ta fassara 18:96 a matsayin haɗin ƙarfe da tagulla, ba alloy guda ba. Wannan fassarar kimiyyar kayan zamani ce, ba shaidar archaeology ta katangar da aka gano ba. — [3. Mujallar kimiyyar Musulmi — sabon tsarin Fe–Cu](https://doi.org/10.37264/JIQS.V4I2.9) ### 4. Tafsirin gargajiya — qiṭr tagulla mai narkewa ne, ba kwalta ba > Ibn Kathir ya kawo cewa Ibn Abbas da wasu malaman farko sun fassara qiṭr da tagulla, wasu suka ce narkakken tagulla. Al-Qurtubi ma ya ce wannan ra’ayin mafi rinjaye ne, tare da wasu ra’ayoyi kamar gubar ko ƙarfe. Saboda haka ‘tar’ ba shi ne babban fassarar gargajiya ba. — [4. Tafsirin gargajiya — qiṭr tagulla mai narkewa ne, ba kwalta ba](https://quran.ksu.edu.sa/tafseer/qortobi/sura18-aya96.html) ### 5. Iyakar metallurgy — tagulla na iya ƙara lalata ƙarfe > Jagorar NIH ta ce oxygen da ruwa suna sa carbon steel ya lalace, kuma hulɗa da tagulla na iya hanzarta lalata. Rufi mai cikakken manne na iya ware ƙarfe; rufi mai rauni na iya yin galvanic couple. Ayar ba ta ce hana tsatsa ne manufar ba; wannan tunani ne na zamani, ba tabbataccen tafsiri ba. — [5. Iyakar metallurgy — tagulla na iya ƙara lalata ƙarfe](https://orf.od.nih.gov/TechnicalResources/Documents/Technical%20Bulletins/18TB/Corrosion%20Protection%20of%20Steel%20February%202018%20Technical%20Bulletin_508.pdf) ## Yi tunani **Ta yaya mutumin da bai iya karatu ba shekaru 1400 da suka wuce zai san game da tsatsa?** ## Madogara da ƙarin karatu - [Al-Qur’ani 18:96 · Quran.com](https://quran.com/18/96) - [1. Hanya — yadda tsatsa ke samuwa](https://www.canada.ca/en/conservation-institute/services/preventive-conservation/guidelines-collections/metal-objects.html) - [Miracles of Quran](https://www.miracles-of-quran.com/rust.html) — Mu'ujizar Al-Qur'ani, Daily Muslim · https://dailymuslim.org/quran-miracles/rust-iron-coating?lang=ha